中新網(wǎng)北京1月6日電(蔣鯉)近日，美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局(NASA)局長(zhǎng)比爾?尼爾森宣稱，中美“正處于一場(chǎng)太空競(jìng)賽”，還警告美國(guó)不要讓中國(guó)“打著科學(xué)研究的幌子”抵達(dá)月球上的某個(gè)地方。
2022年12月13日，美國(guó)航空航天局局長(zhǎng)比爾·尼爾森在華盛頓舉行的美非領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)太空論壇上發(fā)表講話。
這已經(jīng)不是尼爾森第一次炒作“中國(guó)太空威脅論”了。在去年7月，這位NASA局長(zhǎng)接受采訪時(shí)公然聲稱小心“中國(guó)占領(lǐng)月球”；在美國(guó)眾議院撥款委員會(huì)聽證會(huì)上，要錢心切的尼爾森更是信口開河，聲稱中國(guó)很擅長(zhǎng)“偷竊”美國(guó)的航天技術(shù)。
一直以來(lái)，中國(guó)航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展都遵循著獨(dú)立自主、自力更生的道路，同時(shí)深化高水平國(guó)際交流與合作。中國(guó)官方已對(duì)外宣布，首批國(guó)際合作項(xiàng)目載荷將于2023年進(jìn)入中國(guó)空間站，也在積極進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)國(guó)外航天員的相關(guān)準(zhǔn)備工作。
然而，中國(guó)秉承的開放共享發(fā)展理念被美國(guó)某些政客官員頻頻“抹黑”，究其深層原因，一是中國(guó)在航空領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展讓美國(guó)感到壓力——根據(jù)美國(guó)政治新聞網(wǎng)的報(bào)道，美國(guó)的阿爾忒彌斯計(jì)劃依靠一系列仍在開發(fā)中的新系統(tǒng)和設(shè)備，如果出現(xiàn)任何重大延期或紕漏，都有可能使美國(guó)在登月方面落后于中國(guó)。而NASA的登月時(shí)間表從特朗普政府時(shí)開始已經(jīng)推遲了一年。
為此，美國(guó)在國(guó)際航天合作上設(shè)置障礙，恣意制裁別國(guó)航天機(jī)構(gòu)，出臺(tái)法案限制與中國(guó)開展航天合作與交流，其雙標(biāo)做法不言而喻。
二是，美國(guó)根深蒂固的霸權(quán)思維和“尚爭(zhēng)”文化作祟，不僅在經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技等領(lǐng)域打壓中國(guó)，太空也被當(dāng)成遏制中國(guó)的角斗場(chǎng)。
一旦把對(duì)方界定為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，與之“共存”的意愿和空間就會(huì)急劇壓縮。為在航天領(lǐng)域稱霸，美國(guó)早在2014年就啟動(dòng)所謂的“地球同步軌道空間態(tài)勢(shì)感知計(jì)劃”，對(duì)他國(guó)衛(wèi)星進(jìn)行監(jiān)視竊聽。
美國(guó)政府還公然將太空界定為“作戰(zhàn)疆域”，組建太空軍和太空司令部，大力研發(fā)部署進(jìn)攻性武器，甚至和商業(yè)公司合作，來(lái)滿足其國(guó)防和情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)日益增長(zhǎng)的需求。
挑動(dòng)太空軍備競(jìng)賽，加劇太空軍事化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，美國(guó)給太空和平與安全造成了重大挑戰(zhàn)。作為負(fù)責(zé)任大國(guó)，美國(guó)應(yīng)早日摒棄冷戰(zhàn)思維，正確看待他國(guó)航天成就，積極探索太空國(guó)際合作，讓太空造福人類，而非成為滿足其稱霸野心的擂臺(tái)。
Hegemonic U.S. thinking pervades to space
(ECNS) -- NASA Administrator Bill Nelson recently declared that China and the U.S. were in a “space race” and warned that the U.S. better watch out that China doesn’t "get to a place on the moon under the guise of scientific research."
Nelson has peddled the "China threat" in space more than once. Last July, he blatantly claimed that China is trying to “occupy the moon,” and during a House Appropriations Committee hearing, the senior official said he wanted more money for NASA and alleged that China is "good at stealing" American technology.
China has long been taking the path of independence and self-reliance in its space development, while deepening high-level international exchanges and cooperation. It has made an announcement that the first batch of payloads of projects under international cooperation would be delivered to China's space station for experiments by 2023. Meanwhile, the country has been actively preparing for training foreign astronauts.
Frequent smearing by some U.S. politicians and officials of China's open and shared development in space may attribute to the following two issues.
On the one hand, the U.S. has felt the pressure as China's space technology has developed fast over the past years.
According to the U.S. media outlet Politico, the country’s Artemis I mission, which is counting on a series of new systems and equipment that are still under development, could risk falling behind China if there is any significant delays or mishaps. Besides, NASA’s moon-landing timeline has already slipped a year from the Trump administration.
As such, the U.S. has laid barriers on international space cooperation and imposed sanctions on other space agencies. It introduced bills to restrict space cooperation and exchanges with China, revealing its double standards.
On the other hand, deep-rooted hegemonic thinking of the U.S. and contention culture make it resolute in suppressing China in the fields of economy, science and technology, and even in space.
In order to maintain its hegemony in space, the U.S. launched a Geosynchronous Space Situational Awareness Program in 2014 to surveil other countries’ satellites. It also recognized space as a "domain of war," establishing a space command center and space force, and developing and deploying offensive space weapons.
In addition, it has cooperated with private companies in order to meet the increasing demand of its national defense departments and intelligent agencies.
The U.S. is inciting the arms race in space, aggravating the risk of militarization of space and posing a major challenge to peace and security. It should abandon this Cold War mentality, actively participate in international space cooperation, and allow space to benefit humankind instead of making it a platform to satisfy its hegemonic ambition.
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